A small, red, and sometimes painful bump that appears on the eyelid is commonly known as a stye. It usually develops when one of the tiny oil glands in the eyelid becomes blocked. When the gland is blocked, bacteria can multiply inside it, leading to irritation and inflammation.
A stye is similar to a regular pimple that can appear on other areas of the skin. Some people may experience more than one stye at the same time.
In many cases, a stye forms over several days and may improve naturally as the body heals. However, sometimes the blocked gland can develop into a chalazion, which is a firmer lump caused by a fully blocked and inflamed oil gland. If a chalazion becomes large, it may create discomfort or interfere with clear vision.
Certain eyelid conditions can increase the chance of developing styes. For example, Demodex mites, which naturally exist on human skin, have been linked to some cases of eyelid inflammation. People with blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid edges) may be more likely to experience recurring styes.
Common Symptoms
Besides a swollen and reddish area on the eyelid, other possible signs may include:
- Eyelid tenderness or soreness
- A scratchy feeling, as if something is stuck in the eye
- Increased sensitivity to light
- Excessive tearing or watery eyes
How Is a Stye Diagnosed?
Doctors can usually identify a stye through a simple eye examination. They may use a light or magnifying tool to get a clearer view of the affected area.
In some cases, the doctor may gently examine the inside of the eyelid to check the condition more closely. Usually, special laboratory tests or complex examinations are not needed to confirm a stye.
